PAINTING LAYERS: How Scientific Analysis Reveals the Painting Structure and Composition
Paintings have multiple layers in their composition and different scientific methods can reveal details about the painting structure.
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RADIOCARBON DATING and Its Use in Dating Cultural Heritage Objects
Radiocarbon dating is a radiometric dating method that uses the radioactive isotope carbon-14 to date objects as old as 50,000 years old.
MOBILE NMR and The Use of NMR Relaxation and Portable NMR in Cultural Heritage
Mobile NMR combines permanent magnets with surface radio-frequency coils to record nuclear magnetic resonance experiments non-invasively.
PRINCIPLES OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (NMR)
The basic principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) rely on the behavior of nuclear spins in an external magnetic field.
X-RAY FLUORESCENCE for the Elemental Analysis of Artwork
X-ray fluorescence is a valuable tool for the elemental analysis of artwork. XRF analysis reveals which chemical elements are present.
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM and The Use of Electromagnetic Waves in Cultural Heritage
The electromagnetic spectrum consists of all the electromagnetic waves of all possible energies moving through space at the speed of light.